Breaking the Law

140 independent analyses of this recording were submitted to AcousticBrainz. All but a handful of them — 99% — put it in A minor, a key signature of no sharps and no flats. The tempo printed above is the median of the 140 readings; 91% of them land within 2% of it, and they barely differ at all.

At 164.2 BPM one beat lasts 365.4 milliseconds, so a sixteenth note is 91.4 ms and a dotted eighth 274.1 ms — the delay times for this recording. Counted half as fast it is 82.1 BPM, counted twice as fast 328.4. A score would mark that Vivace, by the ranges this site uses.

The analyses put the reference pitch of the recording at 442.3 Hz, which is 9 cents above concert A at 440 Hz — the sort of drift a tape machine or a slightly different mastering leaves behind. That is a fact about this transfer of the music, not about how it was played.

The dynamic complexity of the recording measures 2.3 dB: that is how far the level wanders from its own average, so a small number means a loud, flat master and a large one means a recording that still breathes. Its average loudness is 0.952 on Essentia's 0-to-1 scale, which is not decibels and is not comparable to a streaming service's number.

10 other recordings here are in A minor; the ones listed below are the closest in tempo.